{OCO} Network Manager - EMS

State-of-the-Art Suite of Power Applications
Highly Reliable & Field Tested NERC Compliant Real-Time Optimization Multi-User Capability

Proven Benefits

↓ 30%
Operational Savings
↑ 99.9%
System Reliability
NERC
Full Compliance

Proven to deliver the highest possible benefits in generation monitoring, dispatch & control, scheduling of power, network security analysis, and operator's training.

Core Applications

  • Generation Monitoring, Dispatch & Control - Real-time AGC with economic dispatch
  • Scheduling of Power - Unit commitment and interchange scheduling
  • Network Security Analysis - Contingency analysis and state estimation
  • Operator's Training - High-fidelity dispatcher training simulator

The Key To

Substantial Savings
  • Optimized fuel costs through economic dispatch
  • Reduced maintenance with predictive analytics
  • Deferred capital investments
Improved Reliability
  • Real-time security monitoring
  • Automatic generation control
  • contingency analysis
{OCO} Generation Control Diagram
{OCO} Generation Control Subsystems Overview

Generation Control Subsystems

Integrated subsystems performing portions of the Generation Control Function:

Automatic Generation Control

  • Regulates generating unit MW outputs
  • Area Control Error (ACE) calculation
  • Time error correction

Economic Dispatch

  • Economic basepoints & participation factors
  • Transmission loss optimization
  • Penalty factor calculation

Reserve Monitoring

  • Spinning reserve tracking
  • Operating reserve compliance
  • WSCC/NWPP guidelines
Automatic Generation Control Interfaces
Automatic Generation Control Interfaces Overview
AGC Flow Diagram
AGC Control Flow Overview

Automatic Generation Control Interfaces

RTU / ICCP
→
State Estimator
→
AGC
→
Economic Dispatch
Unit Ramp Rates
Unit Limits
Unit Output
Tie Line Flows
System Frequency

ACE Calculation Methods

  • CF - Constant Frequency: -10Bf (fa - fs)
  • CNI - Constant Net Interchange: Ia - (Is + Iic + Ids) + Ime
  • TLB - Tie Line Bias: ACECF + ACECNI
  • TLTB - Tie Line Time Bias: ACETLB + 10Bt Dt
  • CFT - Constant Frequency Time Bias: ACECF + 10Bt Dt
  • CPP - Constant Power Production: Pa - Ps + Po

Unit Control Modes

AUTO ECON RAMP BASE BREG SCHD SREG MANL MAND AVAL UNAV TEST PUMP SYNC

Each mode provides specific control characteristics for optimal unit operation

Scheduling Applications

Optimal scheduling of generation and interchange transactions to minimize total system operating cost:

Short Term Load Forecasting

  • Neural network & pattern matching techniques
  • 7-day ahead prediction
  • Weather integration

Resource Scheduling

  • Unit commitment optimization
  • Transaction evaluation (Economy A/B)
  • Case comparison & after-the-fact evaluation

Energy Scheduling & Accounting

  • Oracle-based ESA
  • Transaction Information Management (TIM)
  • Automated OASIS interface
  • NERC Policy 3 compliant (Electronic Tagging)

Network Applications Overview

Real-Time Network Apps

State Estimation
Contingency Analysis
Security Monitor
Real-Time OPF
Penalty Factor Calculation

Study Mode Apps

Dispatcher's Load Flow
Optimal Power Flow
Contingency Selection
Short Circuit Calculation
Network Reduction

Advanced Apps

Voltage Security Assessment
Dynamic Security Assessment
Quick Stability Analysis (QSTAB)
Reactive Power Scheduling
TTC Calculations

State Estimation

  • Determines "Best Estimate" of power system state
  • Gross & bias measurement error detection
  • Internal/external areas solved simultaneously
  • Multiple island solving capability
  • Decoupled Weight-Least-Squares algorithms

Field Experience: California ISO (12,000 buses), CFE (1,200 buses), DEWA, PPoA, CAMMESA, PEPCO, NYSEG

Optimal Power Flow

Objective Functions:

  • Minimum System Generation Cost
  • Minimum Control Deviation
  • Minimum Real Power Loss
  • Minimum Reactive Power Loss

Processors:

  • Real-Time Actual-Condition
  • Real-Time Contingency-Condition
  • Study Mode Actual-Condition
  • Study Mode Contingency-Condition

Dispatcher Training Simulator (DTS)

High-fidelity simulator integrated with EMS providing realistic simulation of power system dynamic response. Trainee operates identical environment to real-time EMS.

  • Duplicate SCADA/EMS software & MMI
  • Power system simulation at scan rates
  • Scenario building & control
  • Blackout & blackstart capability
  • Protective relay operation
  • Dynamic load profiles

Instructor Capabilities

  • Scenario preparation
  • Simulation control (stop/restart)
  • Clock rate control
  • Real-time event insertion
  • Trainee evaluation

Quick Stability Analysis (QSTAB)

  • Computes voltage stability margin
  • P-V curve generation
  • Maximum load carrying capability
  • Speedometer & bar diagram displays
  • Continuation Power Flow (CPFLOW)

Dynamic Security Assessment

  • Identifies contingencies causing transient instability
  • Stability margin calculation
  • Energy function-based direct method
  • Comprehensive models including:
    • Synchronous machine transients
    • Voltage exciter dynamics
    • SVC & load characteristics

Scenario Events

  • Line switching & faults
  • RTU communications failure
  • System islanding
  • Generator loss
  • Voltage collapse
  • Remedial Action Schemes (RAS)

Resource Scheduling Three-Tier Architecture

GUI Layer
RS User Interface
GUI Builder
Database Xcessory
Application Layer
RS EXECUTABLE
RDBSHL
Multiple instances
Database Layer
RS tables
Oracle RDBMS
SQL access